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About the Council

https://cof.org/about
The Council on Foundations is a nonprofit membership association that serves as a guide for philanthropies as they advance the greater good. Building on our 75-year history, the Council supports over 1,000 member organizations in the United States and around the world to build trust in philanthropy…

Resources

https://cof.org/resources
This section features all legal, best practices, sample documents, and resources we believe can help grantmakers and foundations. Some of these items are only available to members.

Community Foundation Locator

https://cof.org/page/community-foundation-locator
Find community foundations in your area.

Snapshot of Funder Progress on Locally Led Development (Sept. 2025)

https://cof.org/content/snapshot-funder-progress-locally-led-development-sept-2025
In September 2023, a group of 15 foundations joined 20 bilateral donors in signing a Donor Statement committing to advancing locally led development. After recent global shifts in foreign assistance and the dismantling of USAID, the Council on Foundations wanted to understand how philanthropy has…

Basic Options for Global Grantmaking by U.S. Foundations

https://cof.org/content/basic-options-global-grantmaking-us-foundations
The Council on Foundations' definition of “international grantmaking” includes grants made by U.S. foundations and corporations to overseas recipients as well as grants made to U.S.-based organizations operating international programs. This also includes grants made toward activities wholly within…

Grants to Organizations from Donor-Advised Funds: Is Expenditure Responsibility Required?

https://cof.org/content/grants-organizations-donor-advised-funds-expenditure-responsibility-required
Use this flowchart to determine if grants from donor-advised funds require expenditure responsibility.

What is Expenditure Responsibility?

https://cof.org/content/what-expenditure-responsibility
Expenditure responsibility is a five step procedure that is designed to ensure that foundation funds are used for exclusively charitable purposes. The five basic steps that are required for completing expenditure responsibility include: Conducting a pre-grant inquiry including a reasonable…

International Grantmaking from Donor-Advised Funds

https://cof.org/content/international-grantmaking-donor-advised-funds
In existence since the 1930s, donor-advised funds have been one of the fastest growing charitable giving vehicles of the past decade.[1] Capitalizing on this growth and on the increasing interest in international philanthropy among donors in the United States, a number of public charities have…

Permissible Exempt Purposes Under 501(c)(3)

https://cof.org/page/permissible-exempt-purposes-under-501c3
This page outlines the range of purposes that qualify an organization for tax exemption under section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code. It explains how the IRS and courts interpret key terms — especially "charitable" — and how those interpretations shape eligibility. Permissible Exempt…

Self-Defense Communications Regarding the Section 4940 Excise Tax on Net Investment Income

https://cof.org/page/self-defense-communications-regarding-section-4940-excise-tax-net-investment-income
Self-Defense Exception: A legislative proposal to modify the private foundation excise tax on net investment income under IRC section 4940 would qualify as a self-defense issue, because it affects a private foundation’s duties. Private foundations may therefore communicate with the legislature, its…

How Foundations Can Partner with USAID

https://cof.org/content/how-foundations-can-partner-usaid
Foundations have been partnering with USAID in a variety of ways to advance locally led development, and below are how some of those partnerships are being executed. For member foundations interested in working with USAID on their own locally led development initiatives, Council on Foundations…

Navigating Disasters and Crises: A Practitioner Playbook for Corporate Responsibility and Philanthropy

https://cof.org/content/navigating-disasters-and-crises-practitioner-playbook-corporate-responsibility
Navigating Disasters and Crises: A Practitioner Playbook for Corporate Responsibility and Philanthropy is a free resource designed to guide corporate leaders through navigating disasters and crises at a time when disaster response has grown more comprehensive and complex. It provides a new…

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